ICSE Board Class X Exam Syllabus 2027
ICSE Board Class X Exam Syllabus
ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027: Overview
The ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027 is prescribed by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) for students appearing in the 2027 board examinations. The syllabus covers all subjects under Group I, Group II, and Group III for the academic year 2026–27.
The syllabus is stable for 2026–27. No major topics have been added or removed compared to the previous academic year.
Subject Groups and Marking Scheme
The ICSE Class X 2027 syllabus covers subjects across three groups. Group I includes compulsory languages and social sciences. Group II includes optional sciences and mathematics. Group III includes skill and vocational subjects.
- Group I and Group II papers follow an 80 marks theory + 20 marks internal assessment pattern. The total is 100 marks per subject.
- Group III subjects follow a 50 marks theory + 50 marks practical pattern.
- Mathematics carries the highest individual chapter weightage. Algebra alone contributes approximately 32 marks out of 80.
Important Dates
ICSE theory examinations for 2027 are expected between February and March 2027.
Official Syllabus PDF
The official ICSE 2027 syllabus PDF is available at cisce.org under the Publications section. Students must download the official ICSE 2027 syllabus PDF from cisce.org to plan preparation.
Students should cover the complete unit-wise syllabus for each subject and practise with previous year question papers to maximise scores in the ICSE 2027 board exam.
| Download |
|---|
| ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027 PDF (Official CISCE) |
Subject-wise Syllabus Sections
The syllabus is divided into the following subject sections:
- ICSE Class X English Language Syllabus 2027
- ICSE Class X Literature in English Syllabus 2027
- ICSE Class X History and Civics Syllabus 2027
- ICSE Class X Geography Syllabus 2027
- ICSE Class X Mathematics Syllabus 2027
- ICSE Class X Physics Syllabus 2027
- ICSE Class X Chemistry Syllabus 2027
- ICSE Class X Biology Syllabus 2027
Each subject section includes chapter-wise weightage where applicable. The syllabus also covers deleted topics, recommended books, download instructions, preparation tips, and frequently asked questions.
ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027: Overview
The ICSE (Indian Certificate of Secondary Education) Class X examination is conducted by CISCE (Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations). The 2027 board exams cover the syllabus for the academic year 2026–27. ICSE is known for its comprehensive curriculum, with a greater emphasis on English, application-based learning, and practical skills than most other boards in India.
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Conducting Body | CISCE (Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations) |
| Exam Name | ICSE — Indian Certificate of Secondary Education |
| Class | Class X (Grade 10) |
| Academic Year | 2026–27 |
| Board Exam Year | 2027 |
| Official Website | cisce.org |
| Total Subject Groups | 3 Groups (I, II, III) |
| Group I (Compulsory) | English Language, Literature in English, History & Civics, Geography, Second Language |
| Group II (Optional — choose at least 2) | Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Computer Applications, Economic Applications, and more |
| Group III (Practical / Vocational) | Art, Cookery, Fashion Designing, Home Science, Physical Education, etc. |
| Marking Scheme (Group I & II) | 80 marks (Theory) + 20 marks (Internal Assessment) = 100 marks |
| Marking Scheme (Group III) | 50 marks (Theory) + 50 marks (Practical) = 100 marks |
| Exam Duration (Theory) | 2 to 3 hours depending on the subject paper |
ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027: Important Dates
The table below lists key dates for the ICSE Class X 2027 board examination cycle. Upcoming events appear first, followed by events that have already occurred.
| Event | Expected / Actual Date | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Practical Examinations | January – February 2027 (Expected) | Upcoming |
| ICSE Theory Examinations Begin | February 16, 2027 (Expected) | Upcoming |
| ICSE Theory Examinations End | March 21, 2027 (Expected) | Upcoming |
| ICSE Class X 2027 Results Declaration | May 2027 (Expected) | Upcoming |
| ICSE Class X Syllabus 2026–27 Released | 2026 | Over |
Note: The above dates are based on previous year trends. Official exam dates will be confirmed by CISCE on cisce.org.
ICSE Class X English Language Syllabus 2027
The ICSE English Language paper (Paper 1, Group I) carries 80 marks and tests writing skills, grammar, and reading comprehension. This paper is compulsory for all ICSE Class X students and must be passed to receive the certificate. The duration is 2 hours.
| Section | Topic | Marks (out of 80) |
|---|---|---|
| Composition | Composition Topics |
ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027 PDF
Subject-wise syllabus PDFs are available on the official CISCE website. The links below direct to the publications page on cisce.org.
- English Language
- Literature in English
- History and Civics
- Geography
- Mathematics
- Physics
- Chemistry
- Biology
- Computer Applications
ICSE Class X English Language Syllabus 2027
English Language is Paper 1 of the ICSE Class X English examination. The paper carries 80 marks and is divided into four sections.
| Section | Component | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| Composition | Directed Writing (Notice, Letter, Report, Article, Speech); Essay Writing (Descriptive, Narrative, Argumentative, Discursive); Short Composition (dialogue, summary, email). | 30 |
| Comprehension and Summary | Unseen prose passage; questions on content, inference, vocabulary in context; summary writing (identifying and presenting main points from the passage in your own words). | 30 |
| Grammar | Sentence transformation; sentence combination; gap-filling (prepositions, conjunctions, articles); error correction; rearranging jumbled sentences; active and passive voice; direct and indirect speech; degrees of comparison. | 20 |
ICSE Class X Literature in English Syllabus 2027
Literature in English (Paper 2, Group I) covers prescribed prose, poetry, and drama texts. CISCE prescribes specific texts for each academic year; verify the exact prescribed books for 2026–27 from the official ICSE specimen paper on cisce.org. The paper carries 80 marks and lasts 2 hours.
| Section | Component | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Section A — Drama or Prose Text | Prescribed Text | Character analysis, theme, setting, and extract-based contextual questions from the prescribed play or prose text (Shakespeare or other prescribed author as per CISCE list). |
| Section B — Poetry | Prescribed Poems | Questions on meaning, poetic devices, tone, theme, and extract-based contextual questions from the prescribed poetry anthology. |
| Section C — Short Stories or Novel | Prescribed Short Stories or Novel | Character analysis, plot summary, extract-based comprehension, and theme-based essay questions on the prescribed short story collection or novel. |
ICSE Class X History and Civics Syllabus 2027
History and Civics is Paper 1 of the Humanities, Civics and Geography (H.C.G.) Group I combination. The paper carries 80 marks and is split into two parts — Civics (the Indian Union government) and History (Indian national movement and world history).
| Part | Unit | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|
| Part I — Civics | The Union Legislature | Parliament of India; Lok Sabha — composition, qualifications for membership, term, Speaker, functions; Rajya Sabha — composition, election, term, Chairman, functions; Parliamentary Procedures — sessions, quorum, question hour, no-confidence motion, adjournment motion. |
| Part I — Civics | The Union Executive | The President — election, qualifications, term, powers (executive, legislative, judicial, emergency); The Vice-President; The Prime Minister and Council of Ministers — appointment, powers, collective responsibility; The Attorney General of India. |
| Part I — Civics | The Judiciary | The Supreme Court — composition, appointment of judges, jurisdiction (original, appellate, advisory, writ); High Courts — composition and jurisdiction; Subordinate Courts; Judicial review and independence of the judiciary. |
| Part II — History | The Indian National Movement (1857–1947) | First War of Independence (1857); Growth of Nationalism — formation of Congress, Moderates and Extremists; Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement; Home Rule Movement; Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–22); Civil Disobedience Movement (1930–34); Quit India Movement (1942); Role of Subhash Chandra Bose and the INA; The Last Phase (1945–47) and Transfer of Power. |
| Part II — History | Contemporary World History | The First World War (1914–1918) — causes, major events, results; Rise of Fascism and Nazism in Europe; The Second World War (1939–45) — causes, events, consequences; The United Nations Organisation — formation, structure, objectives, principal organs, role; Non-Aligned Movement — origin and significance. |
ICSE History and Civics Chapter-wise Weightage 2027
ICSE Class X History and Civics Syllabus 2027
The History and Civics paper is Paper 1 of the H.C.G. (History, Civics and Geography) combination under Group I. It carries 80 marks in the theory exam.
The syllabus is divided into two parts: Civics and History. The approximate marks for each unit are given below.
| Unit | Topics | Approximate Marks (out of 80) |
|---|---|---|
| Civics — Union Legislature | Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, Parliamentary Procedures | 12–15 |
| Civics — Union Executive | President, Vice-President, Prime Minister, Council of Ministers | 12–15 |
| Civics — Judiciary | Supreme Court, High Courts, Judicial Review | 8–10 |
| History — Indian National Movement | 1857 to Transfer of Power (1947) | 20–24 |
| History — World History | WWI, WWII, UN, Non-Aligned Movement | 16–18 |
ICSE Class X Geography Syllabus 2027
Geography is Paper 2 of the H.C.G. combination under Group I and carries 80 marks. The paper includes a compulsory map-based component. Map work carries up to 10 marks and requires regular practice using a blank outline map of India.
The syllabus has eight units. Each unit covers specific topics as listed below.
| Unit | Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Soils | Types of soils — alluvial, black, red, laterite, mountain, desert soils; Factors affecting soil formation; Types of soil erosion and conservation methods; Importance of soil conservation for agriculture. |
| 2 | Natural Vegetation | Types of natural vegetation — tropical evergreen forests, tropical deciduous forests, tropical thorn and scrub, mountain vegetation, mangrove forests; Distribution across India; Importance and conservation of forests. |
| 3 | Water Resources | Sources of water — rivers, lakes, groundwater; Multipurpose river valley projects (Bhakra Nangal, Damodar Valley, Hirakud); Rainwater harvesting; Water scarcity and conservation strategies. |
| 4 | Mineral and Energy Resources | Metallic minerals — iron ore, copper, bauxite, manganese; Non-metallic minerals — mica, limestone; Conventional energy — coal, petroleum, natural gas; Non-conventional energy — solar, wind, hydroelectric, biogas, tidal energy. |
| 5 | Agriculture | Types of farming — subsistence, commercial, mixed, plantation; Major food crops — rice, wheat, pulses, millets; Major cash crops — cotton, jute, sugarcane, tea, coffee; Green Revolution and its impact on Indian agriculture. |
| 6 | Industries | Classification of industries; Major industries — Cotton Textile (Mumbai–Ahmedabad belt), Iron and Steel (Jamshedpur, Bhilai, Rourkela), Petrochemicals, Software (Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Pune); Factors of industrial location; Industrial pollution and control measures. |
| 7 | Transport | Types of transport — road, rail, water, air, pipeline; Golden Quadrilateral and National Highways; Indian Railways — zones, importance; Major airports and seaports in India; Importance of transport in economic development. |
| 8 | Map Work | Identification and marking of major rivers, mountain ranges, peaks, cities, industries, crop-producing regions, and mineral belts on a blank political map of India. |
ICSE Class X Mathematics Syllabus 2027
Mathematics is the most popular Group II subject for ICSE Class X. The Mathematics theory paper carries 80 marks and lasts 2.5 hours; internal assessment contributes the remaining 20 marks. Algebra has the highest chapter-level weightage at approximately 32 marks out of 80.
The syllabus is divided into several units. The first two units are listed below.
| Unit | Chapter | Sub-topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Commercial Mathematics | GST (Goods and Services Tax) — concept, types (CGST, SGST, IGST), calculation with input tax credit; Banking — savings accounts, recurring deposits, fixed deposits, interest calculations; Shares and Dividends — face value, market value, rate of return, annual income from shares. |
| 2 | Algebra | Topics under Algebra include expansions, factorisation, linear equations, quadratic equations, indices, logarithms, and word problems. |
ICSE Class X Mathematics Syllabus 2027
Mathematics is a compulsory subject in ICSE Class X. The theory paper carries 80 marks and is divided into two sections. Section A (40 marks) has compulsory short-answer questions; Section B (40 marks) offers internal choice.
Unit-wise Syllabus
| Unit | Chapter | Sub-topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Commercial Mathematics | Goods and Services Tax (GST); Banking — recurring deposit accounts, computation of interest and maturity value; Shares and Dividends — calculation of income, return, and number of shares. |
| 2 | Algebra | Linear Inequations in one variable; Quadratic Equations in one variable (factorisation and quadratic formula); Ratio and Proportion (proportion, componendo-dividendo rule); Factorisation of polynomials; Matrices — order, types, addition, subtraction, multiplication of 2×2 matrices; Arithmetic Progressions — nth term, sum of n terms; Geometric Progressions — nth term and sum; Co-ordinate Geometry — distance formula, section formula, mid-point formula, equation of a straight line, slope. |
| 3 | Geometry | Similarity — similar triangles (AA, SAS, SSS), applications to maps and models, areas of similar triangles; Loci — concept of locus, standard loci results; Circles — arc and chord properties, angle subtended by a chord, cyclic quadrilateral properties; Tangent and Secant — tangent to a circle at a point, properties; Constructions — circumscribed and inscribed circles of triangles, tangents from an external point. |
| 4 | Mensuration | Surface area and volume of 3D solids — Cylinder (curved surface area, total surface area, volume); Cone (slant height, curved surface area, total surface area, volume); Sphere (surface area, volume); Hemisphere (curved and total surface area, volume); Combination of solids (e.g., cone mounted on a cylinder, hemisphere on a cylinder). |
| 5 | Trigonometry | Trigonometric identities — proving and using standard identities; Heights and Distances — angle of elevation, angle of depression; Problems involving right-angled triangles using sin, cos, tan, cosec, sec, cot. |
| 6 | Statistics | Graphical representation — Histogram, Frequency Polygon, Ogive (cumulative frequency curve); Measures of central tendency — Mean (direct, short-cut, step-deviation methods for grouped data), Median (from ogive), Mode (from histogram); Quartiles and inter-quartile range from ogive. |
| 7 | Probability | Classical definition of probability; Random experiments; Sample space; Events — simple, compound, complementary; Probability of an event; Problems on playing cards, dice, and coins; Probability scale (0 to 1). |
ICSE Mathematics Chapter-wise Weightage 2027
| Unit | Chapters Included | Approximate Marks (out of 80) |
|---|---|---|
| Algebra | Linear Inequations, Quadratic Equations, Ratio & Proportion, AP/GP, Matrices, Co-ordinate Geometry | 32 |
| Geometry | Similarity, Circles, Tangents, Constructions | 16–18 |
| Commercial Mathematics | GST, Banking, Shares & Dividends | 12–14 |
| Statistics | Histogram, Ogive, Mean, Median, Mode | 8–10 |
| Mensuration | Cylinder, Cone, Sphere, Combination of Solids | 8–10 |
| Trigonometry | Identities, Heights and Distances | 6–8 |
| Probability | Classical Probability | 4–6 |
ICSE Class X Physics Syllabus 2027
Physics is Paper 1 of Science under Group II for ICSE Class X. The theory paper carries 80 marks (2 hours) and the practical carries 20 marks, assessed by the school and moderated by CISCE. Section A (40 marks) has compulsory short-answer questions; Section B (40 marks) offers internal choice.
| Unit | Chapter | Sub-topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Force | Turning effect of forces — moment of a force, torque, principle of moments; Centre of gravity — location in regular bodies, stability (stable, unstable, neutral equilibrium); Uniform circular motion — centripetal force, examples (Earth’s orbit, car on a curved road). |
| 2 | Work, Energy and Power | Work done by a force; Kinetic energy and Potential energy — formulae and examples; Law of conservation of energy; Power — formulae and units; Simple machines — levers (classes I, II, III), pulley systems (single fixed, single movable, block and tackle); Mechanical Advantage (MA), Velocity Ratio (VR), Efficiency — relationships and calculations. |
| 3 | Light — Refraction and Lenses | Refraction of light through a glass block and prism; Critical angle and total internal reflection; Lenses — convex and concave, lens formula, magnification, power of a lens; Applications — simple microscope, compound microscope, telescope. |
ICSE Class X Physics Syllabus 2027
Physics is Paper 1 of Science under Group II. The theory paper carries 80 marks and the practical carries 20 marks. Numerical problems appear in most units, especially in Light, Electricity, and Heat.
| Unit | Chapter | Sub-topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Force |
Force — moment of a force, couple, equilibrium of bodies; Centre of gravity; Uniform circular motion; Machines — lever, pulley, inclined plane; Work, energy, power and their units. |
| 2 | Work, Energy, Power and Machines |
Work — definition, units, positive and negative work; Energy — kinetic and potential energy, derivation of formulae; Power — definition and units; Machines — mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, efficiency; Levers and pulley systems. |
| 3 | Light — Refraction and Lenses |
Refraction at a plane surface — laws of refraction, refractive index, Snell’s Law, apparent depth; Total internal reflection — critical angle, conditions, applications (optical fibre, prism periscope, sparkling of diamonds); Refraction through a lens — convex and concave lenses, lens formula, magnification, power of a lens; Human eye — structure, accommodation, defects (myopia, hypermetropia, presbyopia) and correction; Simple microscope and astronomical telescope (ray diagrams). |
| 4 | Spectrum |
Electromagnetic spectrum — members, wavelength range, and uses; Dispersion of white light through a prism; Scattering of light — Rayleigh scattering; Why the sky is blue and sunsets are red; Colours of objects. |
| 5 | Sound |
Properties of sound waves (longitudinal, transverse); Characteristics of sound — pitch, loudness, quality (timbre); Speed of sound in different media; Reflection of sound — echo, reverberation; Resonance; Free and forced vibrations; Applications of sound reflection (SONAR, acoustics of buildings). |
| 6 | Electricity and Magnetism |
Ohm’s Law; Resistance — factors affecting it, specific resistance (resistivity); Series and parallel circuits — equivalent resistance, current and voltage; EMF and internal resistance; Electrical power and energy — formulae and units; Domestic electric circuits — earthing, fuses, MCBs, safety precautions; Magnetic effect of current — Oersted’s experiment, field due to a straight conductor and a coil; Electromagnets; Force on a current-carrying conductor (Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule); DC Motor; Electromagnetic induction — Faraday’s Laws, Fleming’s Right-Hand Rule, AC Generator; Transformer (principle, step-up, step-down). |
| 7 | Heat |
Calorimetry — heat capacity, specific heat capacity, principle of calorimetry (method of mixtures); Latent heat — specific latent heat of fusion and vaporisation; Numerical problems on heat gained and heat lost. |
| 8 | Modern Physics |
Radioactivity — alpha, beta, gamma radiations; Properties of nuclear radiations; Background radiation; Detectors of radiation (Geiger-Müller tube); Safe handling and uses of radioisotopes; Nuclear energy — fission chain reaction, fusion; Basic principle of a nuclear reactor. |
ICSE Physics Chapter-wise Weightage 2027
| Chapter | Approximate Marks (out of 80) |
|---|---|
| Electricity and Magnetism | 16–18 |
| Light — Refraction and Lenses | 14–16 |
| Work, Energy, Power and Machines | 10–12 |
| Heat and Calorimetry | 8–10 |
| Modern Physics | 8–10 |
| Force | 8–10 |
| Sound | 6–8 |
| Spectrum | 4–6 |
ICSE Class X Chemistry Syllabus 2027
Chemistry is Paper 2 of Science under Group II. The theory paper carries 80 marks and the practical carries 20 marks. Numerical problems appear frequently in the Mole Concept and Electrolysis units. Students must also practise balanced chemical equations for every reaction-based chapter.
| Unit | Chapter | Sub-topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Periodic Table |
Periodic properties — atomic size, metallic character, electron affinity, electronegativity, ionisation energy; Variation across periods and down groups; Significance of the Modern Periodic Table. |
| 2 | Chemical Bonding |
Electrovalent (ionic) bonds — electron transfer, formation of ions, properties of ionic compounds; Covalent bonds — electron sharing, single, double and triple bonds, properties; Co-ordinate (dative) bonds; Comparison of ionic and covalent compounds. |
| 3 | Acids, Bases and Salts |
Properties of acids and bases (Arrhenius concept); pH scale; Neutralisation reactions; Types of salts — normal, acid, basic, double, complex; Methods of preparation of salts; Properties of salts. |
| 4 | Analytical Chemistry |
Action of alkalis on metal salt solutions; Action of ammonium hydroxide on metal salt solutions; Tests for cations and anions; Flame tests and their applications. |
ICSE Class X Chemistry Syllabus 2027
Chemistry is Paper 2 of Science under Group II for ICSE Class X. The theory paper carries 80 marks and the practical carries 20 marks. The syllabus is divided into ten chapters, with Study of Compounds carrying the highest weightage.
Chapter-wise Syllabus
| Unit | Chapter | Sub-topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Periodic Table and Chemical Bonding |
Periodic properties — atomic size, metallic character, non-metallic character, ionisation potential, electron affinity, electronegativity; Periodicity and trends in groups and periods. Chemical bonding — electrovalent bond (formation, properties), covalent bond (formation, properties), coordinate bond; Structures of simple molecules. |
| 2 | Acids, Bases and Salts |
Definitions of acids and bases (Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry); Classification of acids and bases; Strength of acids and bases; pH scale and its importance; Types of salts — normal, acidic, basic, double, complex; Preparation of salts; Properties and uses of salts. |
| 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Identification of cations: Na+, K+, Ca2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Al3+, NH4+, Pb2+; Identification of anions: Cl−, SO42−, CO32−, NO3−; Tests using specific reagents; Flame test colours; Colour of compounds. |
| 4 | Mole Concept and Stoichiometry |
Atomicity; Relative Atomic Mass and Molecular Mass; Mole — Avogadro’s number; Molar mass; Gay-Lussac’s Law of combining volumes; Molar volume at STP; Percentage composition; Empirical and molecular formulae; Stoichiometric calculations from balanced equations. |
| 5 | Electrolysis |
Electrolytes and non-electrolytes; Electrolytic dissociation; Electrolysis of dilute sulphuric acid; Electrolysis of acidified water; Electrolysis of brine (sodium chloride solution); Discharge of ions at electrodes; Applications — electroplating, electrorefining, extraction of aluminium. |
| 6 | Metallurgy |
Occurrence of metals; Activity series and extraction methods; Extraction of zinc (reduction) and iron (blast furnace); Alloys — composition and uses (brass, bronze, stainless steel); Corrosion — rusting of iron, prevention methods (galvanising, electroplating, painting). |
| 7 | Study of Compounds — Ammonia and Nitric Acid |
Ammonia — laboratory preparation (ammonium chloride + calcium hydroxide), industrial preparation (Haber Process), physical and chemical properties, uses (fertilisers, refrigerants); Nitric Acid — laboratory preparation (copper + conc. HNO3), industrial preparation (Ostwald Process), dilute and concentrated acid properties, uses. |
| 8 | Study of Compounds — Sulphuric Acid |
Industrial preparation (Contact Process — steps and conditions); Properties of dilute H2SO4 as an acid; Properties of concentrated H2SO4 as a dehydrating agent and as an oxidising agent; Reactions with metals and non-metals; Uses. |
| 9 | Organic Chemistry |
Introduction to organic compounds; Hydrocarbons — alkanes, alkenes, alkynes (IUPAC nomenclature, preparation, properties, substitution and addition reactions); Homologous series; Isomerism (structural); Functional groups; Ethanol — preparation (fermentation, hydration of ethylene), properties, uses; Ethanoic acid — preparation, properties, uses. |
ICSE Chemistry Chapter-wise Weightage 2027
| Chapter | Approximate Marks (out of 80) |
|---|---|
| Study of Compounds (Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Sulphuric Acid) | 12–14 |
| Acids, Bases and Salts | 10–12 |
| Analytical Chemistry | 8–10 |
| Mole Concept and Stoichiometry | 8–10 |
| Electrolysis | 8–10 |
| Organic Chemistry | 8–10 |
| Metallurgy | 6–8 |
| Periodic Table and Chemical Bonding | 8–10 |
ICSE Class X Biology Syllabus 2027
Biology is Paper 3 of Science under Group II for ICSE Class X. The theory paper carries 80 marks and the practical carries 20 marks. Human anatomy and physiology is the most heavily tested section, covering multiple organ systems. Diagrams with accurate labels are compulsory in Biology and carry dedicated marks every year.
Unit-wise Syllabus
| Unit | Chapter | Sub-topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cell Biology |
Cell as the basic unit of life; Cell organelles — nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, ribosomes, vacuoles, lysosomes, centrosome; Cell division — Mitosis (phases and significance), Meiosis (overview and significance in reproduction and variation); Comparison of plant and animal cells. |
| 2 | Plant Physiology |
Absorption and Ascent of Sap — osmosis, plasmolysis, root pressure, cohesion-tension theory; Transpiration — types (stomatal, lenticular, cuticular), significance, factors affecting, wilting; Photosynthesis — light and dark reactions, chloroplasts, factors affecting, significance; Respiration in plants — aerobic and anaerobic, Krebs cycle (overview); Growth regulators — auxins and gibberellins (role). |
| 3 | Human Anatomy and Physiology — Circulatory and Excretory Systems |
Circulatory system — structure of heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), composition of blood, functions of blood components, double circulation, heartbeat, pulse, blood pressure; Excretory system — structure of kidney, nephron, urine formation, dialysis, artificial kidney. |
ICSE Class X Biology Syllabus 2027
The ICSE Class X Biology syllabus for the 2027 board exams covers nine main units. The topics range from cell biology to human anatomy, genetics, evolution, and environmental science.
Unit-wise Syllabus Breakdown
| Unit | Topic | Key Details |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cell Biology | Structure of plant and animal cells; Cell organelles and their functions; Cell division — mitosis and meiosis; Differences between plant and animal cells. |
| 2 | Plant Physiology | Absorption by roots; Osmosis and active transport; Transpiration and its significance; Photosynthesis — light and dark reactions; Mineral nutrition in plants. |
| 3 | Human Anatomy and Physiology — Circulatory and Excretory Systems | Circulatory System — structure of the human heart, cardiac cycle, blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), blood composition (plasma, RBCs, WBCs, platelets), ABO blood groups, Rh factor, disorders (hypertension, coronary artery disease); Excretory System — structure of the kidney, nephron (diagram), process of urine formation (glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion), kidney disorders (kidney stones, dialysis). |
| 4 | Human Anatomy and Physiology — Nervous and Endocrine Systems | Nervous System — neuron structure, central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), peripheral nervous system, autonomic nervous system, reflex arc, sense organs (structure of the eye and ear); Endocrine System — major glands (pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, gonads), hormones and their functions, feedback mechanism, diabetes mellitus. |
| 5 | Human Anatomy and Physiology — Reproductive System | Male and female reproductive organs (labelled diagrams); Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation; Foetal development; Birth and parturition; Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and their prevention. |
| 6 | Genetics | Mendel’s Laws — Law of Segregation, Law of Independent Assortment; Monohybrid and dihybrid crosses; Punnett square method; Phenotype, genotype, dominant, recessive alleles; Sex determination in humans (XX/XY); Hereditary diseases — haemophilia, colour blindness, sickle-cell anaemia, Down’s syndrome. |
| 7 | Evolution | Theories of evolution — Lamarck’s theory (use and disuse), Darwin’s theory (natural selection, survival of the fittest, variations); Evidence for evolution — fossil record, comparative anatomy (homologous and analogous organs), embryology; Human evolution (brief overview). |
| 8 | Health and Hygiene | Bacterial diseases — tuberculosis, cholera (causes, symptoms, prevention); Viral diseases — dengue, influenza, AIDS/HIV; Protozoan diseases — malaria, amoebic dysentery; Vaccination and immunisation; Tobacco, alcohol, and drug abuse — effects on health and society; Cancer — types, causes, treatment basics; AIDS — transmission and prevention. |
| 9 | Population and Environment | Population growth — causes, demographic transition, consequences, control measures; Environmental issues — deforestation (causes and effects), pollution (air, water, soil, noise — sources and control); Ozone layer depletion — causes and effects; Global warming and greenhouse effect; Conservation of biodiversity; Sustainable development. |
ICSE Biology Chapter-wise Weightage 2027
The weightage shows how many marks each unit is likely to carry in the 80-mark theory paper. Human Anatomy and Physiology carries the highest weight.
| Chapter | Approximate Marks (out of 80) |
|---|---|
| Human Anatomy and Physiology (all systems combined) | 28–32 |
| Plant Physiology | 12–14 |
| Genetics | 10–12 |
| Cell Biology | 8–10 |
| Health and Hygiene | 8–10 |
| Evolution | 6–8 |
| Population and Environment | 6–8 |
ICSE Class X Deleted / Reduced Topics 2027
CISCE has not announced any major topic deletions for the ICSE Class X syllabus for 2026–27 (2027 board exams). The syllabus is stable compared to 2025–26. If CISCE releases a revised or reduced syllabus later in the academic year, this page will be updated accordingly.
| Subject | Topic Removed / Reduced | Status |
|---|---|---|
| English Language | No deletions announced | Stable |
| Mathematics | No deletions announced | Stable |
| Physics | No deletions announced | Stable |
| Chemistry | No deletions announced | Stable |
| Biology | No deletions announced | Stable |
| History and Civics | No deletions announced | Stable |
| Geography | No deletions announced | Stable |
Source: CISCE Official Website — Publications
Recommended Books for ICSE Class X 2027
The Selina Concise series is the most widely recommended primary reference for ICSE students across all science subjects and Mathematics. Use these books alongside the official CISCE-prescribed textbooks.
| Subject | Book Name | Author / Publisher | Why This Book |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mathematics | Concise Mathematics for Class X | R.K. Bansal / Selina Publications | Aligned precisely with the CISCE syllabus; clear worked examples and graded exercises for every chapter. |
| Mathematics | Understanding ICSE Mathematics Class X | M.L. Aggarwal / APC Publications | Excellent for in-depth practice; covers all question types from easy to advanced and includes board-pattern problems. |
| Physics | Concise Physics for Class X | Selina Publications | Covers all ICSE Physics units with solved board questions, numericals, and specimen paper practice. |
| Physics | Together With ICSE Physics Class X | Dr Mukesh Kumar Gandhi / Rachna Sagar | Comprehensive coverage with previous year papers and topic-wise practice questions. |
| Chemistry | Concise Chemistry for Class X | R.D. Madan / Selina Publications | Covers all reaction equations and Mole Concept numericals as per CISCE requirements. |
| Chemistry | ICSE Chemistry Book 2 | K.L. Chugh / Kalyani Publishers | Strong on Analytical Chemistry; useful for both theory and practical preparation. |
| Biology | Concise Biology for Class X | Selina Publications | Accurate diagrams with correct labels; chapter summaries make revision efficient. |
| Biology | Together With ICSE Biology Class X | D.K. Rao / Rachna Sagar | Includes Genetics problems (Punnett squares) and fully solved board papers. |
| History and Civics | A New Approach to History and Civics for Class X | I.C. Dhingra / Sultan Chand | Covers both Civics and History in depth; well-structured for long-answer board format. |
| Geography | A New Certificate Physical and Human Geography | G.C. Leong / Oxford University Press | Excellent for physical geography concepts and building map interpretation skills. |
| English Language | Treasure Chest — Poems and Short Stories | Xavier Pinto / Morning Star | Standard reference for ICSE Literature in English prescribed texts; includes contextual questions and answers. |
How to Download ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027 PDF
Follow these steps to download the official ICSE Class X 2027 syllabus PDF from the CISCE website.
- Visit the official CISCE website at www.cisce.org.
- Hover over the "Publications" tab in the top navigation menu.
- Click on "Regulations and Syllabuses" from the dropdown menu.
- Select "ICSE" to access the Class X syllabus section.
- Choose the subject for which you want to download the syllabus PDF.
- Click the PDF link — it will open in a new browser tab.
- Press Ctrl + S (Windows) or Cmd + S (Mac) to save the PDF to your device. Alternatively, use the download icon in your PDF viewer.
Note: You can also download the full "Regulations and Syllabuses for the ICSE" document from cisce.org, which contains the complete subject-wise syllabus for all Group I, II, and III subjects in a single PDF.
ICSE Class X 2027 Subject-wise Preparation Tips
Use these subject-wise strategies to cover the ICSE Class X 2027 syllabus efficiently and score well in the board exam.
English Language
- Practise letter writing, essay writing, and notice writing regularly. Each format follows fixed conventions.
- Read quality newspapers daily to build vocabulary and improve comprehension speed.
- Solve at least 10 previous year Grammar sections to cover all sentence transformation types.
- Grammar questions carry 20 marks — do not skip sentence transformation practice.
- Practise summary writing by identifying 5–6 key ideas from unseen passages under timed conditions.
Mathematics
- Start with Algebra — it carries approximately 32 marks, the highest of any single unit.
- Practise Co-ordinate Geometry problems daily. Formula recall alone is not enough; application matters.
- Solve Section A-type short-answer questions from all chapters. This section is compulsory.
- Complete all exercises in the Selina Concise Mathematics book before moving to specimen papers.
- Revise mensuration formulae for cylinders, cones, and spheres at least a week before the exam.
Physics
Subject-Wise Preparation Tips for ICSE Class X 2027
Physics
- Prioritise Light (refraction and lenses) and Electricity. These two topics together carry around 30 marks.
- Solve numericals on Ohm’s Law, series-parallel circuits, and the lens formula every day.
- Draw neat, labelled ray diagrams for optics and clear circuit diagrams for electricity questions.
- Learn the working principle of machines such as levers and pulley systems. Focus on understanding, not memorising numbers.
- Revise Modern Physics topics like radioactivity and nuclear energy. These are asked often in Section A.
Chemistry
- Memorise all balanced chemical equations. Equations carry marks in every section of the Chemistry paper.
- Study Analytical Chemistry, including identification of cations and anions. This links directly to practicals, so learn all colour changes and reagent tests.
- Practise Mole Concept numericals every alternate day. Calculation accuracy is critical here.
- Cover the preparation and properties of ammonia, nitric acid, and sulphuric acid in full. These are high-yield chapters every year.
- Create a one-page reference sheet for all industrial processes, including Haber, Ostwald, and Contact, with their conditions.
Biology
- Practise drawing labelled diagrams of the heart, kidney, nephron, brain, eye, and ear regularly. These are asked every year.
- Genetics problems, such as Punnett squares and ratios, are predictable. Practise all standard question types.
- Make a two-page summary of all hormones and their functions. The endocrine system is asked annually.
- Do not skip Plant Physiology. Photosynthesis and transpiration regularly carry 10–12 marks combined.
- For Health and Hygiene, learn the pathogen, mode of transmission, and prevention for each disease.
History and Civics
- Write structured answers with dates and names for History questions. Organised factual recall scores well.
- Create flow-chart notes for the Union Legislature, Union Executive, and Judiciary. These are asked every year.
- Practise Part II long-answer questions on the Indian National Movement using the 8–10 marks format.
- For World History, focus on causes and consequences of both World Wars and the formation of the UN.
Geography
- Map work is compulsory. Mark all major rivers, mountain ranges, cities, and industries on a blank India map weekly.
- Learn the characteristics of each soil type and vegetation zone alongside the key states where they occur.
- Agriculture and Industries are high-scoring chapters. Study them using a location-factor-example framework.
- For Transport, memorise the Golden Quadrilateral route and major ports with their locations.
ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027 FAQs
Is the ICSE Class X syllabus 2027 the same as last year?
Yes, the ICSE Class X syllabus for 2027 (academic year 2026–27) is largely the same as the 2025–26 syllabus. CISCE has not announced any major topic deletions or additions for any subject as of July 2026. Check cisce.org periodically for any official updates during the academic year.
How many subjects are compulsory in ICSE Class X 2027?
All Group I subjects are compulsory. These include English Language, Literature in English, History and Civics, Geography, and a Second Language. From Group II, most schools require students to offer at least two subjects. English Language must be passed to receive the ICSE certificate.
What is the marking scheme for ICSE Class X 2027?
For Group I and Group II subjects, the theory paper carries 80 marks and internal assessment carries 20 marks, totalling 100 marks per subject. For Group III subjects such as art, home science, and physical education, the theory carries 50 marks and the practical carries 50 marks.
Which subject has the highest chapter-wise weightage in ICSE Mathematics 2027?
Algebra is the highest-weighted unit in ICSE Class X Mathematics 2027. It carries approximately 32 marks out of 80 in the theory paper. This unit covers Quadratic Equations, Linear Inequations, Matrices, Arithmetic and Geometric Progressions, Ratio and Proportion, and Co-ordinate Geometry.
Where can I download the official ICSE 2027 syllabus PDF?
Download the official ICSE Class X 2027 syllabus PDF from the CISCE website at cisce.org. Go to the Publications section, select "Regulations and Syllabuses," and choose ICSE. Individual subject-wise PDFs are available for download. The full regulation document also contains the complete syllabus for all subjects.
Has the ICSE syllabus been revised or reduced for 2027?
As of July 2026, CISCE has not announced any syllabus reduction or revision for ICSE Class X 2027. The 2026–27 syllabus is stable compared to 2025–26. Check cisce.org for any official circular if a revision is announced later in the academic year.
Which are the most important chapters in ICSE Physics 2027?
Light and Electricity are the most important chapters in ICSE Physics 2027. Together, they account for about 30 marks. Modern Physics topics like radioactivity and nuclear energy are also frequently asked in Section A.
Highest Weightage Chapters in ICSE Physics 2027
Light (Refraction and Lenses) and Electricity and Magnetism carry the highest weightage in ICSE Physics 2027. Together, these chapters account for approximately 30–34 marks out of 80.
Work, Energy, Power and Machines and Modern Physics are also important. They appear in both Section A and Section B every year.
Is ICSE Class X Biology Split into Botany and Zoology?
The ICSE Class X Biology syllabus is not formally divided into separate Botany and Zoology papers. Both plant physiology and human anatomy are covered in a single paper.
Plant physiology includes photosynthesis, transpiration, and respiration. Human anatomy covers the circulatory, nervous, excretory, endocrine, and reproductive systems. This is all part of Science Paper 3 (Biology) under Group II.
Recommended Books for ICSE Class X Chemistry 2027
The most recommended books for ICSE Class X Chemistry 2027 are "Concise Chemistry for Class X" by R.D. Madan (Selina Publications) and "ICSE Chemistry Book 2" by K.L. Chugh (Kalyani Publishers).
Both books are aligned with the CISCE syllabus. They include solved examples and balanced equations for all chapters.
Internal Assessment in ICSE Class X
Group I and Group II subjects carry 20 marks of internal assessment. Schools conduct and assess this through projects, assignments, and oral tests. CISCE moderates these marks.
Group III subjects have a 50-mark practical component. This replaces the 20-mark internal assessment format.
Expected Dates for ICSE Class X 2027 Board Exams
ICSE Class X 2027 theory examinations are expected to begin around February 16, 2027. They are expected to conclude by late March 2027.
- Practical examinations: January and February 2027
- Official timetable: Released by CISCE on cisce.org
- Results: Typically declared in May
How to Cover the Full ICSE Class X Syllabus
Divide study time based on subject weightage. In Mathematics, prioritise Algebra and Geometry first.
In Science, cover high-weightage chapters before moving to lighter units:
- Physics: Light, Electricity
- Chemistry: Ammonia, Acids
- Biology: Human Anatomy
Complete primary textbook exercises for each subject first. Then solve previous 5 years' ICSE board question papers. Reserve the final 30 days for full-syllabus revision and specimen paper practice.
*The article might have information for the previous academic years, which will be updated soon subject to the notification issued by the University/College.
ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027 Overview
The ICSE Class X syllabus for 2027 (academic year 2026-27) is largely the same as the 2025-26 syllabus. The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) has not announced any major topic deletions or additions for any subject as of July 2026.
Students should check cisce.org periodically for any official updates during the academic year. No syllabus reduction or revision has been announced for 2027.
Compulsory Subjects
All Group I subjects are compulsory for ICSE Class X 2027. These include English Language, Literature in English, History and Civics, Geography, and a Second Language.
From Group II, most schools require students to offer at least two subjects. English Language must be passed to receive the ICSE certificate.
Marking Scheme
For Group I and Group II subjects, the theory paper carries 80 marks and internal assessment carries 20 marks, totalling 100 marks per subject. For Group III subjects (art, home science, physical education, etc.), the theory carries 50 marks and the practical carries 50 marks.
| Subject Group | Theory Marks | Internal Assessment/Practical | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group I and Group II | 80 | 20 | 100 |
| Group III | 50 | 50 | 100 |
Internal Assessment Details
Group I and Group II subjects carry 20 marks of internal assessment. Schools conduct and assess this through projects, assignments, and oral tests.
CISCE moderates these marks. Group III subjects have a 50-mark practical component instead of the 20-mark internal assessment format.
Mathematics Weightage
Algebra is the highest-weighted unit in ICSE Class X Mathematics 2027. It carries approximately 32 marks out of 80 in the theory paper.
This unit covers Quadratic Equations, Linear Inequations, Matrices, Arithmetic and Geometric Progressions, Ratio and Proportion, and Co-ordinate Geometry.
Physics Weightage
Light (Refraction and Lenses) and Electricity and Magnetism are the highest-weightage chapters in ICSE Physics 2027. Together they account for approximately 30-34 marks out of 80.
Work, Energy, Power and Machines and Modern Physics are also important. These chapters appear in both Section A and Section B every year.
Biology Syllabus Structure
The ICSE Class X Biology syllabus is not formally split into separate Botany and Zoology papers. Both plant physiology (photosynthesis, transpiration, respiration) and human anatomy (circulatory, nervous, excretory, endocrine, reproductive systems) are covered in the single Science Paper 3 (Biology) under Group II.
Recommended Books for Chemistry
The most recommended books for ICSE Class X Chemistry 2027 are "Concise Chemistry for Class X" by R.D. Madan (Selina Publications) and "ICSE Chemistry Book 2" by K.L. Chugh (Kalyani Publishers).
Both are aligned with the CISCE syllabus. They include solved examples and balanced equations for all chapters.
Downloading the Official Syllabus
The official ICSE Class X 2027 syllabus PDF can be downloaded from the CISCE website at cisce.org. Go to the Publications section, select "Regulations and Syllabuses," and choose ICSE.
Individual subject-wise PDFs are available for download. The full regulation document also contains the complete syllabus for all subjects.
Expected Exam Dates
Based on previous year patterns, ICSE Class X 2027 theory examinations are expected to begin around February 16, 2027, and conclude by late March 2027. Practical examinations typically occur in January and February 2027.
CISCE will release the official timetable on cisce.org. Results are typically declared in May.
Study Plan for Remaining Months
Divide time based on subject weightage. In Mathematics, prioritise Algebra and Geometry first. In Science, cover high-weightage chapters (Light, Electricity in Physics; Ammonia/Acids in Chemistry; Human Anatomy in Biology) before moving to lighter units.
Complete primary textbook exercises for each subject first. Then solve previous 5 years ICSE board question papers. Reserve the final 30 days for full-syllabus revision and specimen paper practice.
